Volcanoes

     Volcanic eruption is another natural disaster that does not occur in Thailand because the country does not have any active volcanoes. Phanom Rung and Doi Pha Khok Hin Fu were active volcanoes millions of years ago, but they have been inactive for centuries. Thailand may be affected if a significant volcanic eruption occurs in a country such as Indonesia since volcanic ash would eventually make its way into Thailand on winds.

    One volcano that Thailand are concerned about is the Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Ha’apai. The volcano eruption in Tonga sent shockwaves and a tsunami into many countries, especially Pacific nations, prompting evacuation orders and tsunami advisories to be issued in some coastal areas. Although the Tonga tsunami has ceased, many in Thailand are concerned about potential impacts from future earthquakes.

    Dr. Seri Suparathit, director of the Climate Change and Disaster Center at Rangsit University, explained that the volcano eruption in Tonga sent a tsunami into the Philippines, but the wave height was only 10-20 centimeters, and it would take a tsunami wave height of 40 centimeters or more to affect Thailand.

Works Cited

http://inford.org

https://thainews

Earthquakes

 In the last two decades, three notable earthquakes have affected Thailand, resulting in extensive damage and/or loss of life.

Major historical earthquakes in Thailand between 1920 and 2020. (Source: AIR)

Thailand is situated away from sources that can cause large seismic events and is widely perceived to be in a low seismic hazard zone. Recent paleoseismological studies have confirmed, however, that Thailand is affected by 11 seismic fault zones and more than 50 active faults located inside or outside the country’s territory that can cause hazardous seismic ground shaking.

Thailand earthquake loss cost map. (Source: AIR)

Located on a stable portion of the Eurasian Plate, Thailand is broadly characterized by transtensional stress, and thus most significant seismic events are caused by normal or strike-slip motion. Low-frequency seismic waves can travel great distances, while high-frequency seismic waves tend to attenuate quickly over distance.

How to prepare for an earthquake:

I found this website (https://thinkhazard.org/en/report/240-thailand/EQ)where you can see how Thailand is preparing for Earthquakes.

http://www.cicc.chula.ac.th/eng/2012-04-26-04-23-32/111-likelihood-of-earthquakes-in-thailand.html

https://www.air-worldwide.com/blog/posts/2020/11/earthquakes-in-thailand-is-bangkok-at-risk/

Plate Tectonics

 Tectonic plates are pieces of crust that slowly move across the planet's surface over millions of years. Thailand sits on the Eurasian tectonic plate, which is flanked by the Indo-Australian and Pacific plates.

 Thailand is situated within the Eurasian plate that is surrounded by the convergent margins of the Andaman subduction zone in the west, the Sundra and Java trenches in the south, and the Philippine Trench in the east. A subduction zone is the place where two tectonic plates come together, crossing one another.

https://www.livescience.com/43220-subduction-zone-definition.html

http://www.cicc.chula.ac.th/eng/2012-04-26-04-23-32/111-likelihood-of-earthquakes-in-thailand.html